Corso di laurea: Global Politics and Euro-Mediterranean Relations Programmazione per l'A.A. 2020/2021

• Course Introduction


• EU as a political and policy system: overview of EU Policy Making


• EU Policies: classification and analysis: redistributive policies, regulatory policies and Europeanization


• The first policy stage: Agenda Setting in the EU





• Decision making the EU



• Policy- setting and Policy shaping in the EU:


• Implementation Stage in the EU

Lelieveldt H. and Princen S.: The Politics of the European Union, Cambridge University Press, 2011, chapters: 8;9;10;11.

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R. Gillespie and F. Volpi (eds), Routledge Handbook of Mediterranean Politics, Routledge, 2017

November 11 & 14 - Introduction The world as political space and as political system (no homework)
November 18 & 21 - Session 1 – Hegemony and political change
Attinà Fulvio (2011), The global political system – Chapter 4 & 5
Questions: Is hegemony the viable solution to the problem of the world order & government? Is hegemony the fair substitute to power politics? Which cleavages create coalitions of states and cause political change in contemporary world?
November 25 & 28 - Session 2 – The American hegemony since WW II
Attinà Fulvio (2011), The global political system – Chapter 6
Questions: Does the hegemonic theory overrate the role of the United States and Western coalition in the contemporary world? Did the Western coalition underestimate the power of the centre/periphery cleavage on world order?
December 2 & 5 - Session 3 – World economic institutions and policies
• Dadush Uri (2019), Seven Predictions About the World Without the WTO, Policy Center for the New South, Policy brief 19
• Mueller Julie L. (2011), The IMF, neoliberalism, and hegemony, in “Global Society”, 25, 3, 377-402.
Questions: Do the world economic institutions respond well to the problems of the economic cleavage? Are new rising-economy states undermining the American hegemony?
December 9 & 12 - Session 4 – Security policies
Attinà Fulvio (2011), The global political system – Chapter 8
Questions: Is multilateral security taking over national security? Is security cooperation at the region level undermining the American hegemony?
December 16 & 19 - Session 5 – New world policies
Attinà Fulvio (2011), The global political system – Chapter 9
Questions: Do world institutions respond well to worldwide problems and issues? Are non-state actors major players of the new world policies?
January 13 & 16 - Session 6 – Exit from the present world order
• Chase-Dunn and Lawrence (2011), The Next Three Futures, Part Two: Possibilities of Another Round of US Hegemony, Global Collapse, or Global Democracy, in “Global Society”, 25, 3, 269-286.
• Baltensperger Michael and Uri Dadush (2019), The Belt and Road turns five, Bruegel Policy Contribution Issue n˚1.
Questions: Are the Western norms and values fundamentally under threat? Is China one of the rising powers and the challenger to U.S.? Is USA’s smooth decline a likely scenario? Why, or Why not?
January 20 & 23 - Session 7 – Exit to the next world order
• Barma Naazneen, Giacomo Chiozza, Ely Ratner, and Steven Weber (2009), A World Without the West? Empirical Patterns and Theoretical Implications, in Chinese Journal of International Politics, 2, 577–596.
• Danner Lukas K. and Martín Felix E. (2019), China's hegemonic intentions and trajectory: Will it opt for benevolent, coercive, or Dutch‐style hegemony? In Asia & Pacific Policy Studies, 1–22.
Questions: Is Non-Western world hegemony possible any time soon? What will the future world order look like?
January 27 & 30 - Conclusion

• Attinà Fulvio (2011), The global political system, Palgrave Macmillan (chapters 4, 5, 6, 8, 9) https://www.macmillanihe.com/page/detail/?sf1=barcode&st1=9781403995872
• Baltensperger Michael and Uri Dadush (2019), The Belt and Road turns five, Bruegel Policy Contribution Issue n˚1.
• Barma Naazneen, Giacomo Chiozza, Ely Ratner, and Steven Weber (2009), A World Without the West? Empirical Patterns and Theoretical Implications, in Chinese Journal of International Politics, 2, 577–596.
• Chase-Dunn and Lawrence (2011), The Next Three Futures, Part Two: Possibilities of Another Round of US Hegemony, Global Collapse, or Global Democracy, in “Global Society”, 25, 3, 269-286.
• Danner Lukas K. and Martín Felix E. (2019), China's hegemonic intentions and trajectory: Will it opt for benevolent, coercive, or Dutch‐style hegemony? In Asia & Pacific Policy Studies, 1–22.
• Mueller Julie L. (2011), The IMF, neoliberalism, and hegemony, in “Global Society”, 25, 3, 377-402.
• Dadush Uri (2019), Seven Predictions About the World Without the WTO, Policy Center for the New South, Policy brief 19/13.

Il corso affronta la storia contemporanea del Medio Oriente e del Nord Africa dalla spedizione di Napoleone in Egitto (1798) alla fine del XX secolo. La modernizzazione di fine Ottocento, l’imperialismo europeo, la nascita dei nazionalismi e il sistema statuale emerso dopo la prima guerra mondiale rientrano tra le tematiche di studio. Il conflitto arabo-israeliano e le ideologie imperanti (panarabismo, socialismo, islam politico) saranno altresì esaminati. Queste evoluzioni saranno studiate attraverso il filtro di documenti e carte costituzionali.

William L. Cleveland, Martin Bunton, A History of the Modern Middle East, Routledge, London 2016, 6th edition (Part Two-Part Five).

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This course will examine the controversial role played by civil society on a global level. The purpose is twofold:
1. To describe the relations different organizations have established with their own members and supporters, namely the interests they represent and the legitimacy of their activities;
2. To analyze the relations they have developed with formal authorities – States and international governmental organizations – namely, the participation to global policy-making the access to politicization processes.
Additionally, the different kinds of organizations (structured, semi-structured and informal) will be discussed as well as the roles they are able to play on a global level on various topics. Even though a general overview will be provided, the course will have a special focus on peace and security studies, and will stress the practical implications of the roles played by Non Governmental Organizations and social movements in essential topics namely, democratization, human rights, environmental problems, humanitarian action, conflict transformation, natural disasters management.

Course contents
Module 1: Civil society and global politics
a. Theory and concepts
b. Different structures, sectors and methodologies
c. Relations with States
d. Relations with international organizations
e. Civil society and democracy
f. Civil society and participation
g. Civil society and political legitimacy

Module 2: NGOs and social movements on field
a. NGOs: Relations with UN and EU
b. NGOs, human rights and global justice
c. NGOs and humanitarian action
d. NGOs and natural disasters management
e. Environmental NGOs

All materials are updated every year and distributed by the instructor to students, at the beginning of the course, in a PDF format.

Il corso mira a fornire le basi analitiche e metodologiche per interpretare le caratteristiche, gli obiettivi e i risultati prodotti dalle politiche sociali. Il corso inizialmente introduce i concetti fondamentali e gli approcci utilizzati in materia di politica sociale e progressivamente offre strumenti e metodi per l’analisi comparata nei vari settori d’intervento “sociale”. Il corso vuole offrire una prospettiva di analisi in materia di politica sociale che tenga conto degli assetti organizzativi, del ruolo della street-level bureaucracy e della cultura giuridica nella comparazione tra i vari interventi di politica sociale, Infine, il corso mira a esplicitare il ruolo del diritto nella erogazione di prestazioni socioassistenziali e formulare ipotesi per la sua ricostruzione ed analisi nei vari sistemi di welfare.

La definizione di politica “sociale”
Obiettivi e strumenti della Politica Sociale
Diritto e politica sociale
Dati, norme e fonti di finanziamento
I regimi del Welfare in Europa

Il corso inizia dalla storia dei diritti naturali occidentali del secolo XVII e termina con i recenti trattati in materia di diritti umani, passando per la DUDU che ha celebrato recentemente il suo 70° anniversario. Nonostante dei diritti umani si continui a discutere e a dibattere, la loro lunga storia è stata spesso non sufficientemente analizzata e a volte persino dimenticata. I diritti umani piuttosto che essere considerati un fenomeno del ventesimo secolo, come alcuni autori affermano, possono rappresentare anche quel punto massimo di sviluppo raggiunto dalla legge e dal diritto naturale occidentale nonché un importante e peculiare momento di transizione verso le più recenti nozioni di diritti umani.
Nell'ambito dei processi di globalizzazione e di crescente interdipendenza tra stato, società e mercato, questa prima parte dell'insegnamento consentirà allo studente di comprendere il percorso storico evolutivo che ha segnato il passaggio dai concetti di legge naturale e diritto naturale a quello più specificatamente universale di diritti umani. Gli studenti saranno in grado di individuare continuità e mutamenti relativi ai dibattiti e alle rivendicazioni in particolare sui cosiddetti diritti di prima e seconda generazione e cioè sui diritti politici e sociali comparsi e affermatisi in una sfera temporale che abbraccia l'età moderna e contemporanea. Esplorando le modalità con cui tali diritti siano stati storicamente affermati, negati, giustificati, difesi e disattesi, l'obiettivo ultimo è quello di riuscire ad applicare le varie teorie e interpretazioni studiate a problemi concreti della politica globale tra cui il rapporto tra diritti umani e democrazia. Al termine di questo modulo gli studenti avranno acquisito una comprensione e una prospettiva di analisi critica sulla storia delle rivendicazioni dei diritti umani che consentirà loro di poter meglio comprendere le influenze del passato che hanno contribuito all'elaborazione di documenti sui diritti umani redatti in epoche più recenti.

1. Maurice Cranston, Are there any Human Rights? Daedalus, vol. 112, n.4, Human Rights, 1983.
2. Lynn Hunt, Inventing Human Rights - A History, W W Norton &Co, 2008.
3. Lynn Hunt, The French Revolution and Human Rights, Bedford Books of St. Martin's Press, 1996.
4. Leonard Krieger, Kant and the Crisis of Natural law, Journal of the History of Ideas, University of Pennsylvania Press, 1965.
5. Stephen P. Marks, From the "single confused page" to the "Decalogue for six billion persons": The Roots of the UDHR in the French Revolution, Human Rights Quarterly,1998.
6. Samuel Moyn, The Last Utopia - Human Rights in History, Harward University Press, 2012 (paperback edition)
7. John B. Noone, Rousseau's Theory of Natural Law as a Conditional, Journal of the History of Ideas, 1972.
8. Brian Tierney, Natural Law and Natural Rights: Old problems and recent Approaches, pubblished on line by Cambridge University Press, 2009.
9. Richard Tuck, Natural Rights Theories: Their Origin and Development, Cambridge University Press, 1981.
10. Mark Tunik, John Locke and the Right to bear arms, History of Political Thought, 2014.

The course will explore globalization as a material phenomenon and as a political project using cities as unit of analysis. It will consider the new global interconnections, globalization and the creation of new tensions and divisions as well as new forms of integration. Giving particular emphasis to the analysis of the relationship between cities and globalization the course tackles questions regarding cities considered both as actors of globalization and places where globalization takes place.

1 AN INTRODUCTION TO GLOBAL URBANIZATION PROCESSES
2 DEFINITION OF URBAN GEOGRAPHICAL SPACE
3 URBAN DEVELOPMENT AND THE POLITICS OF REPRESENTATION
4 THE USE OF CULTURE AND CREATIVITY IN URBAN DEVELOPMENT STRATEGIES ACROSS NORTH AMERICA, EUROPE AND ASIA.
5 URBAN NEOLIBERALISM
6 URBAN GEOPOLITICS
7 POLITICS AS CONTESTATION

1 - U.Rossi and A.Vanolo. Urban Political Geography. A Global Perspective. London: Sage, 2012
2 - Selected academic articles distributed during classes


Further reading:

3 – X. Ren and R.Keil (eds). The Globalising Cities Reader, London: Routledge, 2017
4 - F. Moulaert, A. Rodríguez and E. Swyngedouw (eds). The Globalized City: Economic Restructuring and Social Polarization in European Cities, Oxford, New York: Oxford University Press, 2003

Il programma si divide in due parti:
1) Comparative social policy and social innovation
2) Regulation systems and models of capitalism and comparative analysis of labour
Il corso esaminerà le principali caratteristiche dell'analisi sociologica dei fenomeni economici e delle principali differenze nell'organizzazione del sistema capitalista tra convergenza e diversità attraverso le categorie concettuali e analitiche della sociologia economica e in particolare dell'economia politica comparata. Inoltre, il corso mira a fornire agli studenti le basi teoriche e metodologiche per l'analisi delle politiche del lavoro (modelli, caratteristiche, obiettivi, effetti).
Principali temi:
The perspective of Economic Sociology
The main differences in the organization of the capitalist system
Notions, indicators, data sources, etc. of labour market and policies
Occupational models and welfare regimes in transition
The European Employment Strategy and “flexicurity

Trigilia C., Economic Sociology, Blackwell, 2002, from page 1 to 35, from page 119 to 134, from page 237 to 255
Crouch C., Capitalist Diversity and Change, Oxford, 2005, from page 1 to 45.
Hancke, Debating Varieties of Capitalism, Oxford UP, 2009 (only chapter 1, 2, 8 and 9)
De Beer, T. Schils, The labour market triangle. Employment Protection, Unemployment Compensation and Activation in Europe, Edward Elgar, 2009, pp. 1-25 (C. 1) and 198-220 (C. 9).
F. Berton, M. Richiardi, S. Sacchi, The political economy of work security and flexibility, The Policy Press, 2012, pp. 1-60 (Cs. 1-3) and 147-153 (C. 8).
Clasen Clegg, Regulating the Risk of Unemployment, Oxford University Press, 2013, pp. 1-12 (C. 1) and pp. 333-345 (C. 17)

Sebbene il concetto di diritti umani appaia spesso nella trattazione accademica e non delle questioni internazionali - le attuali crisi mediorientali e il conseguente flusso migratorio ne sono un chiaro esempio - la fondazione filosofica di questi diritti, la loro ambizione di essere validi al di là dele differenze di tradizioni culturali e religiose, la lorto capacità di essere una sorta di religione secolarizzata dell'umanità rimangono in dubbio. Questo corso introduce gli studenti al dibattito filosofico su questi temi e li stimola a sviluppare un pensiero informato e autonomo.

Testo di riferimento:
Cruft R., Liao S. M., and Renzo M., “The Philosophical Foundations of Human Rights. An Overview”, in Cruft R., Liao S. M., and Renzo M. (eds.) Philosophical Foundations of Human Rights. Oxford: 2015

Bibliografia di riferimento:
Nickel, James, “Human Rights”, 13-35 in Stanford Encyclopaedia of Philosophy, (on-line text available)
Li, Xiarong “Tolerating the Intolerable: the Case of Female Genital Mutilation”, pp. 2-8, in Philosophy and Public Policy Quarterly (Winter 2001); on-line www.puaf.umd.edu/IPPP/reports

Donnelly, Jack “Human Rights and Cultural Relativity” pp. 89-106 in Donnelly, Universal Human Rights in Theory and Practice, Cornell University Press 2003, 2nd edition

Nickel, James, “Universal Rights in a Diverse World” chapt 4 of his Making Sense of Human Rights, (www. spot.colorado.edu/~nickelj/mshor-welcome.htm)

Teson, Ferdinand “International Human Rights & Cultural Relativism” pp 379-96 PHR

Charles Taylor “A World Consensus on Human Rights?” pp 409-22, PHR

Langlois, Andrew “The Real Asian Values Debate”, pp. 46-72 in his The Politics of Justice and Human Rights; Cambridge University Press 2001

An Naim, Abdullahi A. “Toward a Cross-Cultural Approach to Defining International Standards of Human Rights: The Meaning of Cruel, Inhuman, or Degrading Treatment…” in Human Rights in Cross Cultural Perspectives, edited by An-Na’im, University of Pennsylvania Press pp. 19-43 , from now on CCP

El Fadl, Khaled Abou “The Place of Tolerance in Islam”. Boston: Beacon Press 2002.

Shapiro, Ian and Kymlicka, Will (eds.) “Introduction” to Ethnicity and Group Rights

Kymlicka, Will “The Good, the Bad, and the Intolerable: Minority Group Rights” pp 445-61 in PHR

Donnelly, Jack “Group Rights and Human Rights”, pp. 204-24 in his Universal Human Rights in Theory and Practice.

McDonald, Michael “Should Communities Have Rights? Reflections on Liberal Individualism” pp 33-61, CCP

Franck, Thomas M. “The Emerging Right to Democratic Governance” pp. 46-01 in The American Journal of International Law, vol. 86, no. 1 (Jan. 1992)

John Rawls The Law of Peoples, “Decent Consultation Hierarchy” pp. 71-78

Rao, Arati “Right in the Home: Feminist Theoretical Perspectives on International
Human Rights” pp. 505-25 in PHR

Li, Xiarong “Tolerating the Intolerable: the Case of Female Genital Mutilation”, pp. 2-8, in Philosophy and Public Policy Quarterly (Winter 2001); on-line reserve and on-line www.puaf.umd.edu/IPPP/reports/

Ashworth, Georgina “The Silencing of Women”, pp. 259-76 in Dunne and Wheeler, Human Rights in Global Politics

Smith, Michael J. “Humanitarian Intervention: an Overview of the Ethical Issues” pp.478-501 in PHR

Nardin, Terry “The Moral Basis of Humanitarian Intervention” Ethics and International Affairs vol. 16 no. 1, (2000): 57-70 and in Dunne and Wheeler, Human Rights in Global Politics

Donnelly, Jack “Genocide and Humanitarian Intervention” pp. 242-60 in his Universal Human Rights in Theory and Practice
Shue, Henry “Nationality and Responsibility”pp. 131-52 in his Basic Rights;

Steiner and Alston “Challenges to Universalism-- Children” pp. 511-37 in, International Human Rights in Context

Loescher, Gil “Refugees: a global human rights and security crisis” pp. 233-58 in Dunne and Wheeler, Human Rights in Global Politics

Cranston, Maurice “Human Rights, Real and Supposed” pp 163-73, PHR

Buchanan, Allen “Rules for a Vanished Westphalian World” 697-721 Ethics (July
2000;

Sen Amartya, “Elements of a Theory of Human Rights”, Philosophy & Public Affairs, 32, n 4, Sept 2004, pp 315-56

Pogge, Thomas “An Egalitarian Law of Peoples”, Philosophy & Public Affairs, vol. 23, no.3 (Summer 1993)

Pogge, Thomas. “How Should Human Rights be Conceived?” in World Poverty and Human Rights. Polity 2008: 58-76

Smith, Michael J., “Humanitarian Intervention: An Overview of the Ethical Issues”

Singer, Peter, “How Can We Prevent Crimes against Humanity?” Human Rights, Human Wrongs. Oxford Amnesty Lectures, edited by N. Owen, p.89-137

Rorty, Richard “Human Rights, Rationality and Sentimentality”, in The Philosophy of Human Rights (henceforth PHR), edited by Patrick Hayden, Paragon Press, 2001, pp 241-56

Caranti, L., “Kant’s Theory of Human Rights,” in T. Cushman (Ed.), Handbook of Human Rights, Routledge 2011, 35-44.

15-17 March 2021 - Lessons 1 and 2- Introduction to Peace Economics; Productive and unproductive activities. – READINGS: Caruso R. (2010), On the nature of peace economics, Peace Economics, Peace Science and Public Policy, 16, No. 2. )

22-24 March 2021 - Lessons 3 and 4 – History of Peace Economics (READINGS: https://www.researchgate.net/publication/239809814_Peace_economists_and_peace_economics)

29-31March 2021 - Lesson 5 and 6 – Economic policies for peace (READINGS:
Caruso R. (2017), Peace economics and peaceful policies, The Economics of Peace and Security Journal, Vol. 12, No. 2 )


12-14 April 2021 - Lessons 6 and 7 – Negative peace and positive peace (READINGS:
Caruso R. (2015) Beyond deterrence and decline towards a general understanding of peace economics, Rivista Internazionale di Scienze Sociali, 123, No. 1)


19 April 2021 Lesson 8 - Specific issues of peace economics – (READINGS: Buhaug H., (2016), The climate change and the security threaten. Climate Change and Conflict: Taking Stock , in Peace, Peace Economics, Peace Science and Public Policy, Vol. 22, No. 4)



21 April 2021 - Lesson 9 – Specific issues of peace economics – The gender perspective (READINGS:
Gizelis T.I. (2018), Systematic Study of Gender, Conflict, and Peace, Peace Economics, Peace Science and Public Policy, 24, No. 4.

26 April 2021 - Lesson 11 - Keynes and The Economic Consequence of Peace ( READINGS:
Keynes, J. M. (1919), The Economic Consequences of the Peace (1 ed.). London: Macmillan & Co., Limited. p. 279. Retrieved 2 June 2016 – via Internet Archive. Chapters 1, 2 and 3)




28 April 2021 - Lesson 12 - Keynes and The Economic Consequence of Peace( READINGS:
Keynes, J. M. (1919), The Economic Consequences of the Peace (1 ed.). London: Macmillan & Co., Limited. p. 279. Retrieved 2 June 2016 – via Internet Archive. Chapters 4 and 5)


3 May 2021 - Lesson 13 – Keynes and The Economic Consequence of Peace ( READINGS:
Keynes, J. M. (1919), The Economic Consequences of the Peace (1 ed.). London: Macmillan & Co., Limited. p. 279. Retrieved 2 June 2016 – via Internet Archive. Chapters 6 and 7)



5 May 2021 - Lesson 14 – Specific issues of peace economics – A lesson to be organized according to students’ suggestions and needs.


10 May 2021 - Lesson 15 - Understanding Trends in Violent Conflict (Readings:
World Bank and United Nations (2018), Pathways for Peace Inclusive Approaches to Preventing Violent Conflict, The World Bank Group, Washington DC - Chapters 1 and 2)


12 May 2021 Lesson 16- Inequality, exclusion and sense of injustice: why people fight (Readings:
World Bank and United Nations (2018), Pathways for Peace Inclusive Approaches to Preventing Violent Conflict, The World Bank Group, Washington DC - Chapters 3 and 4)


17 May 2021 - Lesson 17 – Countries’ approach to prevent violent conflict (Readings:
World Bank and United Nations (2018), Pathways for Peace Inclusive Approaches to Preventing Violent Conflict, The World Bank Group, Washington DC - Chapters 5 and 6)


19 May 2021 - Lesson 18 – Prevention in practice and organizations for prevention (Readings:
World Bank and United Nations (2018), Pathways for Peace Inclusive Approaches to Preventing Violent Conflict, The World Bank Group, Washington DC - Chapters 7 and 8)

Lessons 1 and 2- Introduction to Peace Economics – READINGS: Caruso R. (2010), On the nature of peace economics, Peace Economics, Peace Science and Public Policy, 16, No. 2. )

Lessons 3 and 4 – History of Peace Economics (READINGS: https://www.researchgate.net/publication/239809814_Peace_economists_and_peace_economics)

Lesson 5 – Economic policies for peace (READINGS:
Caruso R. (2017), Peace economics and peaceful policies, The Economics of Peace and Security Journal, Vol. 12, No. 2 )

Lessons 6 and 7 – Negative peace and positive peace (READINGS:
Caruso R. (2015) Beyond deterrence and decline towards a general understanding of peace economics, Rivista Internazionale di Scienze Sociali, 123, No. 1)


Lesson 8 - Specific issues of peace economics – (READINGS: Buhaug H., (2016), The climate change and the security threaten. Climate Change and Conflict: Taking Stock , in Peace, Peace Economics, Peace Science and Public Policy, Vol. 22, No. 4)



Lesson 9 – Specific issues of peace economics – The gender perspective (READINGS:
Gizelis T.I. (2018), Systematic Study of Gender, Conflict, and Peace, Peace Economics, Peace Science and Public Policy, 24, No. 4.

Lesson 10 - Keynes and The Economic Consequence of Peace ( READINGS:
Keynes, J. M. (1919), The Economic Consequences of the Peace (1 ed.). London: Macmillan & Co., Limited. p. 279. Retrieved 2 June 2016 – via Internet Archive. Chapters 1 and 2)

Lesson 11 - Keynes and The Economic Consequence of Peace( READINGS:
Keynes, J. M. (1919), The Economic Consequences of the Peace (1 ed.). London: Macmillan & Co., Limited. p. 279. Retrieved 2 June 2016 – via Internet Archive. Chapters 3, 4, and 5)


Lesson 12 - Keynes and The Economic Consequence of Peace ( READINGS:
Keynes, J. M. (1919), The Economic Consequences of the Peace (1 ed.). London: Macmillan & Co., Limited. p. 279. Retrieved 2 June 2016 – via Internet Archive. Chapters 6 and 7)


Lesson 13 – Specific issues of peace economics – A lesson to be organized with students’ suggestions.





Lesson 14 – Specific issues of peace economics – A lesson to be organized with students’ suggestions.


Lesson 15 - Understanding Trends in Violent Conflict (Readings:
World Bank and United Nations (2018), Pathways for Peace Inclusive Approaches to Preventing Violent Conflict, The World Bank Group, Washington DC - Chapters 1 and 2)


Lesson 16- Inequality, exclusion and sense of injustice: why people fight (Readings:
World Bank and United Nations (2018), Pathways for Peace Inclusive Approaches to Preventing Violent Conflict, The World Bank Group, Washington DC - Chapters 3 and 4)


Lesson 17 – Countries’ approach to prevent violent conflict (Readings:
World Bank and United Nations (2018), Pathways for Peace Inclusive Approaches to Preventing Violent Conflict, The World Bank Group, Washington DC - Chapters 5 and 6)


Lesson 18 – Prevention in practice and organizations for prevention (Readings:
World Bank and United Nations (2018), Pathways for Peace Inclusive Approaches to Preventing Violent Conflict, The World Bank Group, Washington DC - Chapters 7 and 8)